1: \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-3>5\\2x-3< -5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x>5\\x< -1\end{matrix}\right.\)

2: \(\Leftrightarrow-4< =2x-1< =4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-1>=-4\\2x-1< =4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-3}{2}< =x< =\dfrac{5}{2}\)

Lời giải:

Vì $1\leq x\leq 4$ nên $x-1, 4-x\geq 0$

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho các số không âm ta có:

\(\sqrt{(x-1)(4-x)}\leq \frac{(x-1)+(4-x)}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)

Ta có đpcm.

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x-1=4-x$ hay $x=\frac{5}{2}$

4: =>2x-3>5 hoặc 2x-3<-5

=>x>4 hoặc x<-1

5: =>-4<=2x-1<=4

=>-3/2<=x<=5/2

\(\Delta'=\left(m-1\right)^2+m^3-\left(m+1\right)^2=m^3-4m\ge0\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}m\ge2\\-2\le m\le0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Theo hệ thức Viet:  \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=2\left(m-1\right)\\x_1x_2=-m^3+\left(m+1\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Do \(x_1+x_2\le4\Rightarrow m-1\le2\Rightarrow m\le3\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2\le m\le3\\-2\le m\le0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(P=x_1^3+x_2^3+3x_1x_2\left(x_1+x_2\right)+8x_1x_2\)

\(=\left(x_1+x_2\right)^3+8x_1x_2\)

\(=8\left(m-1\right)^3+8\left[-m^3+\left(m+1\right)^2\right]\)

\(=8\left(5m-2m^2\right)\)

\(P=8\left(5m-2m^2-2+2\right)=16-8\left(m-2\right)\left(2m-1\right)\le16\)

\(P_{max}=16\) khi \(m=2\)

\(P=8\left(5m-2m^2+18-18\right)=8\left(9-2m\right)\left(m+2\right)-144\ge-144\)

\(P_{min}=-144\) khi \(m=-2\)

\(f\left(x\right)=x^4-4x^3+4x^2-5x^2+10x-3\)

\(=\left(x^2-2x\right)^2-5\left(x^2-2x\right)-3\)

Đặt \(t=x^2-2x\Rightarrow t\in\left[-1;8\right]\)

Xét hàm \(f\left(t\right)=t^2-5t-3\) trên \(\left[-1;8\right]\)

\(f\left(-1\right)=3\) ; \(f\left(-\frac{b}{2a}\right)=f\left(\frac{5}{2}\right)=-\frac{37}{4}\); \(f\left(8\right)=21\)

\(\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)_{min}=f\left(\frac{5}{2}\right)=-\frac{37}{4}\)

\(f\left(x\right)_{max}=f\left(8\right)=21\)

a, \(\left|4x-8\right|\le8\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\left|4x-8\right|\right)^2\le64\)

\(\Leftrightarrow16x^2-64x+64\le64\)

\(\Leftrightarrow16x^2-64x\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow16x\left(x-4\right)\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow0\le x\le4\)

b, \(\left|x-5\right|\le4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\left|x-5\right|\right)^2\le16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-10x+25\le16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-10x+9\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1\le x\le9\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{1;2;3;4;5;6;7;8;9\right\}\)

c, \(\left|2x+1\right|< 3x\)

TH1: \(x\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\left|2x+1\right|< 3x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x+1< 3x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x>1\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\in Z\\x\in\left(1;2018\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH2: \(x< -\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\left|2x+1\right|< 3x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-2x-1< 3x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x>-\dfrac{1}{5}\left(l\right)\)

Vậy \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\in Z\\x\in\left(1;2018\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

d, \(\left|x+1\right|+\left|x\right|< 3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+1+x+2\left|x^2+x\right|< 9\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x^2+x\right|< 4-x\)

Xét hai trường hợp để phá dấu giá trị tuyệt đối

e, Tương tự câu d

ta co  3(x²+y²+z²)-3(x+y+z)<=4

de dang chung minh bdt 3(x²+y²+z²)>=(x+y+z)²

ap dung bat dang thuc ta co

3(x²+y²+z²)-(x+y+z)>=(x+y+z)²-3(x+y+z)

=>(x+y+z)²-3(x+y+z)-4<=0

=>(x+y+z+1)(x+y+z-4)<=0

=>-1<=x+y+z=<4 (dpcm)

ta co  3(x²+y²+z²)-3(x+y+z)<=4

de dang chung minh bdt 3(x²+y²+z²)>=(x+y+z)²

ap dung bat dang thuc ta co

3(x²+y²+z²)-(x+y+z)>=(x+y+z)²-3(x+y+z)

=>(x+y+z)²-3(x+y+z)-4<=0

=>(x+y+z+1)(x+y+z-4)<=0

=>-1<=x+y+z=<4 (dpcm)

b, Ta có : \(0\le x\le1\)

\(\Rightarrow-2\le x-2\le-1< 0\)

Ta có : \(y=f\left(x\right)=2\left(m-1\right)x+\dfrac{m\left(x-2\right)}{\left(2-x\right)}\)

\(=2\left(m-1\right)x-m< 0\)

TH1 : \(m=1\) \(\Leftrightarrow m>0\)

TH2 : \(m\ne1\) \(\Leftrightarrow x< \dfrac{m}{2\left(m-1\right)}\)

Mà \(0\le x\le1\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{m}{2\left(m-1\right)}>1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{m-2\left(m-1\right)}{2\left(m-1\right)}>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2-m}{m-1}>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1< m< 2\)

Kết hợp TH1 => m > 0

Vậy ...
 

\(x^2-2\left(m-1\right)x-m^3+\left(m+1\right)^2=0\)

Để pt có hai nghiệm thỏa mãn

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Delta\ge0\\x_1+x_2=2\left(m-1\right)\le4\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m\left(m-2\right)\left(m+2\right)\ge0\\m\le3\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m\in\left[-2;0\right]\cup\left(2;+\infty\right)\cup\left\{2\right\}\\m\le3\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow m\in\left[-2;0\right]\cup\left[2;3\right]\)

\(P=x^3_1+x_2^3+x_1x_2\left(3x_1+3x_2+8\right)\)

\(=\left(x_1+x_2\right)^3-3x_1x_2\left(x_1+x_2\right)+3x_1x_1\left(x_1+x_2\right)+8x_1x_2\)

\(=8\left(m-1\right)^3+8\left(-m^3+m^2+2m+1\right)\)

\(=-16m^2+40m\)

Vẽ BBT với \(f\left(m\right)=-16m^2+40m\) ;\(m\in\left[-2;0\right]\cup\left[2;3\right]\)

Tìm được \(f\left(m\right)_{min}=-144\Leftrightarrow m=-2\)

\(f\left(m\right)_{max}=16\Leftrightarrow m=2\)

\(\Rightarrow P_{max}=16;P_{min}=-144\)

Vậy....